Garland Mill Timberframes - Lancaster, New Hampshire

By The Numbers

Goals

Reduce overall home energy use by 65%
Eliminate reliance on fossil fuels for heat
Add south facing office space for Kirsten
Add screen porch
Convert old office to boot porch
New efficient windows with screens

Strategies

Reduce peak heat load from 65kbtu/hr to 26kbtu/hr
Reduce annual load from 120million btus to 48million btus
Reduce DHW by 70% with SDHW system and masonry heater domestic hot water heat exchanger
Reduce plug loads by 25% with behavior modification - TED monitor and LED light bulbs
Reduce air infiltration from 3100 cfm50 to 380 cfm50

Reducing Heat Loads

1 foot Dense Pack Cellulose in walls and 18” DPC in the roof of new addition
1 foot loose fill cellulose in existing attic
ERV installed – Enthalpy recovery ventilator uses warm exhaust air to preheat cold fresh air. 70% efficient. Memphremagog Heat Exchangers
4” Closed Cell Spray Foam installed – Myers Construction
200 sq ft Thermotech Windows – R-5 – SHGC .46 – VT - .44
Foam Blocks with 2x4 on flat 9” reinforced flathead screws provide spacing for Closed Cell Foam application

Reducing Hot water loads

Heat exchanger in the masonry heater preheats 80 gallon tank which preheats the SDHW tank.
Installed 2 - 1.5 GPM shower heads to reduce hot water use.

Reducing Electric Loads

TED 5000 Energy Monitor provides real time energy use feedback to find extra energy drains.

Ben and Kirsten enjoyed living in their home. They had a masonry heater which could help heat their home and their hot water. But they also relied on their propane boiler for much of their heat and hot water. It bothered them that they burned through 490 gallons of propane as well as 3½ cords of wood every year. One of the difficulties with heating their home was that Kirsten’s office was in the coldest and darkest room of the house. And as a grant administrator who works from home, it was hard to keep that room on the north side of the house warm for her.

They had other improvements to their home they also hoped to address. Their entry was too small to accommodate the boots, jackets, snow pants, shoes, hats, gloves, soccer balls, and swimming suits their family often shed on entering. They were also frustrated with their current windows: poor operability and lack of screens. And, they thought, maybe even a screen porch would be nice.

Solution: A Deep Energy Retrofit. Huh?! You might say. A Deep Energy Retrofit (DER) is a new method of radically reducing energy use in existing homes by superinsulating and tightening air infiltration to the home. DERs often rely on high performance R-5 windows, low-flow faucets and energy monitoring devices to help families measure how much energy they actually use in real time. Marc Rosenbaum of Energysmiths in Meriden NH, a frequent collaborator with Garland Mill Timberframes, helped Ben and Kirsten make sense of it all.

Here’s how it works.
Their plan was to dramatically increase the overall insulation of the current home, install new windows and put a small addition on the south side of the home. This addition would be a small sunny office for Kirsten above, and a screen porch below. While Kirsten’s old office off the entry became a natural spot for a new boot porch. But increasing the insulation alone wouldn’t slow their propane use enough, as they relied on the boiler for some of their hot water. So they included hot water solar panels in the plan so they could get rid of their propane boiler and tank altogether.

To acheive their dramatic insulation improvement they removed the current siding and bumped the walls out four inches around the entire house. In the new cavity, they sprayed four inches of closed cell foam. They then installed new high performance Thermotech windows (with operable screens) and added cellulose in the existing attic. The new office was built with 1 foot thick cellulose walls and floor complemented by an 18” thick roof package. Because these changes made their house so air tight, they installed a heat recovery air exchanger to keep the air in the house fresh without losing heat.

Marc designed a Solar Domestic Hot Water system to provide 70% of their hot water needs. And KW Management of Nashua, also a frequent collaborator, installed it. Their masonry heater also pre-warms their water when they are using it, and a back up electric element in their hot water tank provides for the rest.

RESULTS
This winter they used absolutely no propane and heated their home with less than two cords of wood. The solar panels and masonry heater heat exchanger covered most hot water needs. Kirsten’s new office is lit and heated passively by a generous southern sun. And when spring came, windows were opened without the ensuing swarm of black flies. The kids have plenty of room to store all of their gear in the new boot porch. And the screen porch…well, Ben hasn’t had time to get the screens in yet. But when he gets some time to work on his house again, the outdoor bug-free evening dinners will be fabulous. They have also been keeping a watch on their electricity use with a real-time monitor. And so far all is definitely going well.

A note on financing: All of this Ben and Kirsten paid for with equity by re-financing their mortgage from a 6.25% mortgage to a 5% mortgage. Their combined energy bills and mortgage payments are lower now than they were before the DER. The $5000 IRS rebate for the Solar Hot Water system, insulation and windows was a bonus.

PACE (Property Assessed Clean Energy Bonds) Legislation: The New Hampshire legislature is considering PACE legislation that would allow families and business to take out very low interest loans to help pay for the type of work involved in Deep Energy Retrofits. The loans are attached to the house, not the homeowner, and are repaid as a part of property taxes. This way, when homeowners sell their home, the debt is passed on to the new homeowner. Municipalities benefit by job creation, higher property values and a reduction in energy use in their towns. Homeowners benefit from very low interest loans provided by the non-profit municipality and the benefit is often an immediate payback; the reduction in energy bills is greater than the increase in the property taxes. We all benefit from a reduced reliance on foreign fossil fuels and the carbon pollution associated with it.


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